How is charge by induction achieved?

Charge by induction is achieved through the process of influencing the distribution of charges within an object without direct contact. Specifically, when a charged object is brought near a neutral conductor, the electric field of the charged object causes the charges within the conductor to rearrange themselves.

In the case of the correct option, the like charges are pushed away from the area influenced by the charged object, and this results in one side of the conductor becoming negatively charged while the opposite side becomes positively charged. If the conductor is then connected to the ground or another object, electrons may flow, allowing the conductor to become charged when the connection is removed. This process effectively "induces" charge in the object without any direct transfer of charge through contact.

This concept is distinct from charge transfer through physical contact, which is how charge is transferred through other means, such as rubbing or touching an object. The creation of a magnetic field or charging through heat exposure does not directly relate to the process of charge induction.