What is the definition of the term period in wave mechanics?

The term "period" in wave mechanics specifically refers to the time it takes for one complete wave cycle to pass a given point. This includes the time from the start of one wave to the start of the next, encapsulating all the stages of the wave cycle, such as rising to the crest, descending to the trough, and returning to the starting position.

Understanding the period is crucial because it relates directly to the frequency of the wave, which is the number of cycles that occur in one second. The period and frequency are inversely related; as one increases, the other decreases. This concept is foundational in wave mechanics and helps describe how waves propagate through different media.

Other terms mentioned in the choices pertain to different aspects of wave behavior. For example, the number of waves passing a point per second describes frequency, while the distance between two consecutive peaks refers to wavelength. The height of the wave indicates amplitude. Each of these plays a significant role in understanding waves, but they do not define the term "period."