Which of the following describes metals?

The characteristic of metals as good conductors of heat and electricity is foundational to their usage in various applications. Metals possess free-moving electrons, which allow them to efficiently transfer thermal energy and electrical current. This property is why metals are often utilized in electrical wiring, cooking utensils, and heat exchangers. The metallic bonding in these elements enables a sea of delocalized electrons that facilitate energy conduction.

In contrast, elements with high electronegativity typically describe nonmetals, which do not share the same conductive properties as metals. The nature of metals leads them to be solid at room temperature (with the exception of mercury), and they exhibit malleability and ductility—traits not associated with gases or poor conductors. Thus, while the other descriptors may apply to various elements or compounds, only the ability to conduct heat and electricity accurately portrays metallic characteristics.