Which type of solution contains more solute than it can normally hold at a given temperature?

A supersaturated solution is characterized by containing more solute than would normally be able to dissolve at a specific temperature. This occurs when a solution is prepared at an elevated temperature, where solubility is increased, and then carefully cooled without the solute precipitating out.

In this state, the solution is beyond what is typically achievable at that temperature, making it unstable. If disturbed or seeding with a few solute particles occurs, the excess solute can quickly crystallize or precipitate out of the solution. This unique property of supersaturated solutions distinguishes them from saturated solutions, which contain the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve at that temperature, and unsaturated solutions, which hold less solute than the maximum amount.

Thus, the defining feature of a supersaturated solution is its ability to contain more solute than what is deemed normal for the given temperature, highlighting the delicate balance it maintains between solute and solvent.